- II. Установите соответствия между терминами социальной работы на русском и английском языках
- III. Прочитайте следующие интернациональные слова и переведите их на русский язык
- IV. Прочитайте текст и выполните задания к нему ТЕКСТ A
- V. Найдите в тексте эквиваленты к следующим терминам
- VII. Выберите те предложения, с утверждениями которых вы согласны и переведите их на русский язык
- VIII. Соотнесите термины из текста с соответствующими дефинициями
- IX. Ответьте на вопросы
- X. Выполните письменный перевод текста на русский язык. Выпишите из данного текста термины социальной работы ТЕКСТ B HOW PREVALENT ARE ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO USE
- XI. Напишите аннотацию к тексту Текст С
пособие по соцработе. Тесты для проверки знаний. Данное учебное пособие предназначено для студентов II курса специальности ср факультета го
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ADDICTIONI. Прочитайте и выучите новые термины и терминологические сочетания abuse – злоупотребление alcohol abuse – алкоголизм drug abuse – наркомания substance abuse – злоупотребление алкоголем или наркотиками abuser – лицо, злоупотребляющее алкоголем или наркотиками alcohol abuser – алкоголик drug abuser – наркоман addiction – зависимость (алкогольная, наркотическая, табачная и др.) drug addiction – наркотическая зависимость alcoholism – алкоголизм compulsions – непреодолимое влечение, мания crime – преступление dependence – зависимость physical dependence – психологическая зависимость substance dependence – алкогольная, наркотическая, табачная и др. зависимость medication – 1. лечение, 2. лекарство obsession – 1. навязчивая идея, 2. одержимость overeating – перегрев pornography – порнография tolerance – терпимость gambling – азартная игра withdrawal – отвыкание, воздержание (от алкоголя, курения, наркотиков) II. Установите соответствия между терминами социальной работы на русском и английском языках
III. Прочитайте следующие интернациональные слова и переведите их на русский язык
IV. Прочитайте текст и выполните задания к нему ТЕКСТ A ADDICTIONThe term «addiction» is used in many contexts to describe an obsession, compulsion, or excessive physical dependence or psychological dependence, such as: drug addiction, crime, alcoholism, compulsive overeating, problem gambling, computer addiction, pornography, etc. In medical terminology, an addiction is a state in which the body relies on a substance for normal functioning and develops physical dependence, as in drug addiction. When the drug or substance on which someone is dependent is suddenly removed, it will cause withdrawal, a characteristic set of signs and symptoms. Addiction is generally associated with increased drug tolerance. In physiological terms, addiction is not necessarily associated with substance abuse since this form of addiction can result from using medication as prescribed by a doctor. However, common usage of the term addiction has spread to include psychological dependence. In this context, the term is used in drug addiction and substance abuse problems, but also refers to behaviors that are not generally recognized by the medical community as problems of addiction, such as compulsive overeating The term addiction is also sometimes applied to compulsions that are not substance-related, such as problem gambling and computer addiction. In these kinds of common usages, the term addiction is used to describe a recurring compulsion by an individual to engage in some specific activity, despite harmful consequences to the individual's health, mental state or social life. V. Найдите в тексте эквиваленты к следующим терминам 1. признаки и симптомы; 2. медицинское сообщество; 3. пагубные последствия. VI. Закончите предложения, используя следующие слова и выражения Medication, addiction, withdrawal, problem gambling, a substance 1. The term «…» describes an obsession, compulsion, or excessive physical dependence or psychological dependence. 2. An addiction is a state in which the body relies on … for normal functioning. 3. … is a characteristic set of signs and symptoms. 4. Addiction can result from using … as prescribed by a doctor. 5. There are also some kinds of addiction that are not substance-related, such as … and computer addiction. VII. Выберите те предложения, с утверждениями которых вы согласны и переведите их на русский язык 1. An obsession, compulsion, or excessive physical dependence or psychological dependence are described by the term «addiction». 2. There are also some kinds of excessive physical dependence or psychological dependence, such as: drug addiction, crime, alcoholism, compulsive overeating, problem gambling and others. 3. An addiction is a state in which the body relies on a substance for normal functioning and develops physical dependence. 4. Substance addiction is necessarily associated with substance abuse. 5. Compulsive overeating is generally recognized by the medical community as problems of addiction. VIII. Соотнесите термины из текста с соответствующими дефинициями
IX. Ответьте на вопросы 1. What does the term «addiction» describe? 2. What kinds of addiction are there? 3. What is withdrawal? 4. Can substance addiction result from using medication prescribed by a doctor? 5. What not substance-related compulsions is the term addiction sometimes applied to? X. Выполните письменный перевод текста на русский язык. Выпишите из данного текста термины социальной работы ТЕКСТ B HOW PREVALENT ARE ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO USE? The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism’s (NIAAA’s) 2001–2002 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC), which is one of the largest comorbidity studies ever conducted, included extensive questions about alcohol and tobacco use and related disorders. NESARC data confirmed the widespread use of alcohol with tobacco: Approximately 46 million adults used both alcohol and tobacco in the past year, and approximately 6.2 million adults reported both an AUD and dependence on nicotine. Alcohol and tobacco use varied according to gender, age, and ethnicity, with men having higher rates of co-use than women. Younger people tended to have a higher prevalence of AUDs, nicotine dependence, and co-use. Although Whites were more likely to drink alcohol, American Indians/Alaskan Natives were most likely to smoke, or to smoke and drink concurrently. Asians/Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders were least likely to smoke or drink, or smoke and drink concurrently. Alcohol and tobacco use may lead to major health risks when used alone and together. In addition to contributing to traumatic death and injury (e.g., through car crashes), alcohol is associated with chronic liver disease, cancers, cardiovascular disease, acute alcohol poisoning (i.e., alcohol toxicity), and fetal alcohol syndrome. Smoking is associated with lung disease, cancers, and cardiovascular disease. Additionally, a growing body of evidence suggests that these substances might be especially dangerous when they are used together; when combined, alcohol and tobacco dramatically increase the risk of certain cancers. The American Heart Association estimates that more than 34 percent of the United States population has some form of cardiovascular disease. Tobacco use and alcohol consumption both are major risk factors for various forms of cardiovascular disease. However, little evidence exists to suggest that drinking and smoking together raise the risk more than the sum of their independent effects. Determining the risk factors for cardiovascular disease is difficult because the issues involved are extremely complex. First, cardiovascular disease encompasses a variety of conditions (such as heart attack, stroke, and hardening or narrowing of the arteries), which result from numerous factors. Second, although tobacco has been shown to raise the risk for cardiovascular disease in a dose-dependent manner – the more a person smokes, the more his or her risk of developing cardiovascular disease increases – alcohol’s effect on cardiovascular disease depends on many factors, including gender, age, and drinking patterns. Overall, moderate drinking appears to reduce the risk for many forms of cardiovascular disease, whereas drinking large amounts of alcohol generally increases the risk. XI. Напишите аннотацию к тексту Текст С |