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Unit 1 hello! Focus on Use of English Grammar
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NOTE: Possessive pronouns can also be used in phrases which start with So... and Neither... My watch is wrong. - So is mine. Their grandparents don't live in the country. - Neither do ours. Exercise 29. Give the appropriate response to the following remarks. Use possessive pronouns and the words in brackets. Example: Our garden is full of flowers just now. (Their garden) - So is theirs. Her clothes never seem to be in fashion. (My clothes) - Neither do mine. 1. Your dictionary is out-of-date. (My dictionary)__ 2. Our garden hasn't got many fruit trees. (Their garden) __ 3. Kate's children don't like school. (Our children)__ 4. My friend's brother's got a lovely collection of stamps. (Her brother)__ 5. Tom's boss works very hard. (My boss)__ 6. My suitcases aren't heavy at all. (Your suitcases)__ Exercise 30. Rewrite the following sentences using as ... as. Example: John's father is handsome and so is John. - John is as handsome as his father. 1. Jean's mother is thoughtful and so is Jean. __ 2. Mary drives fast and so does Helen. __ 3. Our home is comfortable and so is yours. __ 4. Jenny works hard and so does Becky. __ 5. Mike has got a large family and so has Linda. __ 6. My children do well at school and so do hers. ___ Link Verbs + Adjective The following verbs are always used with adjectives: to look, to smell, to taste, to sound, to feel, to seem, to get. She looks very happy. The dish smells awful. The cake tastes delicious. Your idea sounds appealing. My fur coat feels nice. It seems silly not to tell him the truth. It gets cold in Moscow in winter. BUT: to feel well - to talk about health: Are you all right? - I'm afraid, I'm not feeling well. Exercise 31. Complete each sentence with a verb and an adjective from the box
Example: Why don't you like this dress? It looks good on you. 1. If you keep milk for too long, it __. 2. Can I have something to eat? I __. 3. This cake is a bit old, but it still __. 4. She __ but she doesn't look very happy. 5. Let's offer her the job, she __. 6. Are you sure this fish is all right? It certainly __. 7. This idea __. Exercise 32. Complete the sentences with adjectives or adverbs. Example: John looks nice, (nice) You cook well. (good) 1. He almost never behaves __. (good) 2. The music sounds ___. (nice) 3. This play ends __. (tragic) 4. Your cooking is __. (tasty) 5. What beautiful flowers! They smell __. (wonderful) 6. Do you feel __ before examinations? (nervous) 7. Don't look at me so __. (sad) 8. That egg tastes _. (bad) Adverbs: the Comparative and Superlative
Exercise 33. Complete the sentences. Use the comparative or superlative forms of the words in brackets. Example: Of all those cars, the Alfa Romeo goes the fastest. (fast) He wants to finish the job a lot more quickly than it is required. (quickly) 1. Of all the animals in the world, which one lives __? (long) 2. Today the children behave far __ they normally do. (badly) 3. It takes Matt an hour and a half to get to the institute. He lives __ of all students. (far) 4. Our new central heating system works a lot __ our old one. (efficiently) 5. That man works __ but he earns __. It's not fair. (hard/little) 6. He speaks French __ his fellow students. (fluently) 7. Millie's father drives much __ her mother does. (fast) Articles
Exercise 34. Complete the sentences with prepositions and articles where necessary. Example: I generally read a newspaper on the train. 1. 1 usually see Jane ___ bus. 2. Don't go there ___ bus. It's not very far. 3. Get ___car quickly and lock the door. 4. Go ___ foot if you want to see the sights of the city. 5. How long does it take to get to London ___ plane? 6. Get ___ on the corner of the street and walk down the street.
Exercise 35. Put in a(n), or'—'. 1. I can cycle 15 miles ___ hour. 2. What time do you usually have ___ lunch? 3. I don't see him very often, only once or twice ___ month. 4. I like to get up in ___ time to have ___ big breakfast before work. 5. He smokes about twenty cigarettes ___ day. 6. It's a very good train service. The trains always run on ___ time. 7. Every now and then we meet at ___ lunchtime. Exercise 36. Complete the sentences with the articles. 1. She is _____ good musician. She plays ___violin beautifully. 2. Mary's not at ___ office. I think she's at ___ home. 3. Do you want to see Sarah? She's in ___ garden. 4.1 like Jane, there's a lot of ___ warmth about her. 5. Where's ___ dog? I want to take it for ___ walk. 6. Do you like __ wine? No, I don't drink ___ alcohol. 7. I like ___ tea with ___ milk in it. 8. I always listen to ___ radio when I get up. 9. Can your daughter play ___ piano? 10. Fred is ___ only child in ___ family. He's got no ___ brothers or sisters. 11.___Mississippi is longer than ___ Thames. (DON'T) LIKE/LOVE + -ING Anna likes jogging and swimming. I don't like lying in the sun. They love giving parties at weekends. We like playing football. Exercise 37. Complete the following sentences with V + -ing. Use the verbs in brackets. Example: My father loves _ to music. (listen) - My father loves listening to music. 1. I like ____ in the park in the morning - it's very good exercise. (run) 2. Do you like __in the sea? (swim) 3. She loves __ presents. (give) 4. I don't like __ so I travel everywhere by train or by boat. (fly) 5. My friends and I like __ ball games on the beach. (play) 6. Joe likes __ television after a long day at college. (watch) 7. Linda doesn't really like __ in the office. (work) 8. Ann and I love __ in the countryside. (walk) Reading VOCABULARY: to make smb do smth - примусити когось щось робити to be sleepy - бути сонним drizzle - мряка sidewalk - тротуар to look deserted - мати пустинний вигляд jogging - оздоровчий біг to sigh - зітхати sneakers - капці, тенісні туфлі, туфлі на гумовій підошві to do smb good - приносити користь to be wide awake - остаточно прокинутися to revive - відновлювати (силу, енергію) to vanish - зникати schedule - розклад, план, графік appointment - призначення, зустріч tutor - керівник to have a quick snack - швидко поїсти на ходу to get ready for - підготуватися до essay - нарис, есе, твір to concentrate on the subject - зосередитися на предметі to rush - мчатися, нестися tricky questions - хитромудрі запитання to have a chat over a cup of coffee - поспілкуватися за чашкою кофе to make critical remarks - робити критичні зауваження to drop in at - заглянути, завітати to be crowded - бути переповненим, битком набитим straightway - відразу, негайно to be fast asleep - швидко заснути to be pleased with one’s work - бути задоволеним роботою to look through one’s notes - переглянути записи Read the text below. Use your dictionary to help. Friday morning. The alarm clock goes off at 7. Paul usually gets up easily but not this time. It's not simple to wake up so early if you go to bed at 3 in the morning. He can hardly open his eyes. Half an hour passes before Paul finally makes himself get up. He is still sleepy. He slowly gets dressed and looks out of the window. It's drizzling and the sidewalk is wet. There's nobody in sight. The campus looks deserted. But Paul goes jogging every morning, whatever the weather. He sighs, puts on his sneakers and goes out. Twenty minutes later he comes back and takes a long shower. As usual jogging and a cold shower do him good. He is wide awake now. Paul looks at the clock. It's 8.15. Time for breakfast. He goes to the kitchen to make coffee. A cup of coffee is always reviving, especially after the party like yesterday's. He smiles at the thought of that delicious birthday cake. But the smile vanishes the moment he remembers his schedule for today. He's got three classes on Friday. 9.00 - 10.30 - German Class 11.00 - 12.30 - Political System of Germany 14.00 - 15.30 - German Literature Anything else? An appointment with his tutor at 4 o'clock. He completely forgot! And there's an essay to finish! When in the world can he do that? He suddenly remembers: lunch time (12.30—14.00). Well, he can't afford a regular lunch today, just a quick snack. It gives him at least an extra hour more to finish his essay and get ready for the discussion. His tutor is always very critical of his students' homework. You must know your subject well enough to answer his tricky questions. 8.50. Paul rushes out of the house. It doesn't take him long to get to the college. So at 8.55 he is at the university. All the students in his class are already there. They're very glad to see Paul. And so is he. At 9 o'clock Mr Lewis comes in and the class starts. Mr. Lewis's classes are Paul's favourite ones. Time flies quickly. He enjoys the class so much that the end of the class at 10.30 always comes as a surprise. 10.30 - 11.00. Coffee break. Paul and the other students go to a coffee bar to have a chat over a cup of coffee. 11.00. Back to another class. It's rather difficult for Paul to concentrate on the subject, all the more so he doesn't like it too much. It isn't as interesting as Mr Lewis's German Class. Honestly Paul finds it boring. 12.30. Lunch time. Everybody hurries to the dining hall. But Paul doesn't. At lunchtime he is at his desk in his room. So much work to do and so little time! Paul opens his essay book and starts writing. When he looks at the clock it's ten minutes past 2. He is late for the class but he feels great. His essay is ready! The thought is very comforting. Friday's last class is German Literature, another of Paul's favourites. It's always very interesting and instructive. After the class Paul has got half an hour to look through the essay and his notes. He is no longer afraid of the coming meeting. He feels sure of himself. The session goes well. The students discuss their essays. The tutor makes some critical remarks but on the whole he's quite pleased with their work. Finally he sets work for them to do and they part till next time. On his way home Paul drops in at the student pub. He takes a glass of beer and sits down at the table next to his friends. He looks around. The pub is crowded, as usual at this time. Everybody is laughing and talking. Loud music is playing. But nobody is dancing. It's too early for that. Paul suddenly feels very tired. He says good-bye to his friends and leaves the pub. The thing is that there is a concert of a Spanish guitar player at the club at 8. Paul doesn't want to miss it but he needs some rest. The concert finishes at 11.30. When Paul comes back home, it's nearly midnight. At long last the hard day is over! He takes off his clothes and goes to bed straightaway. 5 minutes later he is fast asleep. Exercise 1. Are the following statements true or false? If false, say why. 1. On Friday mornings Paul never gets up before 8.15. 2. Paul always goes to bed until midnight. 3. This morning there are hardly any people in the street because it's rather early and it's raining. 4. Paul doesn't care about the weather when he goes jogging. 5. Today Paul has a delicious cake for breakfast. 6. He almost never has a regular lunch in the afternoon. Instead, he has a quick snack. 7. Paul's college is a five minutes' walk from the hall where he lives. 8. Paul doesn't like all the subjects he's studying but only some of them. 9. Paul is self-confident because he's always ready for his classes. 10. He feels comfortable at the thought that his essay is ready. 11. The tutor is displeased with Paul's work and he tells him to come next time. 12. There's a student pub not far from Paul's hall. 13. After classes Paul doesn't drop in the pub because he is too tired. 14. In the evening he goes to the pub to see a concert of a Spanish guitar player. Exercise 2. Here are the answers to some questions about the text. Ask the questions. 1. ___? - It's drizzling. 2. ___? - He goes jogging. 3. ___? - Every morning. 4. ___? - At 8.15. 5. ___? - On Friday he's got three classes. 6. ___? - 5 minutes. 7. ___? - With his tutor. 8. ___? - At 10.30—11.00. 9. ___? - No, he isn't. He feels sure of himself. 10. ___? - To the student pub. 11. ___? - His friends. 12. ___? - It's too early. 13. ___? - He needs some rest. 14. ___? - At 11.30. Exercise 3. Find in the text English equivalents for these word combinations and sentences. 1. Він все ще сонний. 2. закінчити нарис та підготуватися до дискусії. 3. Час мине швидко. 4. Треба досить добре знати предмет, щоб відповідати на хитромудрі запитання керівника. 5. Так багато треба зробити і так мало часу. 6. Він почуває себе впевненим. 7. по дорозі до дому. 8. Керівник робить деякі критичні зауваження, але в цілому він задоволений їх роботою. Exercise 4.Quote the sentences in which the following words and word combinations are used in the text. Jogging, schedule, an extra hour, to come as a surprise, to concentrate, comforting, boring, to look through, to set work for smb, guitar player, midnight. Exercise 5. Give a summary of the text. Exercise 6. Complete these sentences. Use active words and word combinations. 1. In the morning the streets of our town … 2. A cold shower always … 3. What is your … for today? 4. Our teacher likes to ask … 5. I’ve got an … with my … today. 6. Yesterday I went to the library to … for my report. 7. Our tutor is … with our work. 8. I take off my clothes and go to bed … 9. The lecture is boring and it is difficult for me to … 10.This pub is always … Exercise 7. Translate into English. 1. Дуже важко примусити себе встати рано. 2. Холодний душ та оздоровчий біг завжди приносять користь і відновлюють енергію. 3. Який у тебе розклад на сьогодні? 4. Доповідь готова і я дуже задоволений своєю роботою. 5. Уважно продивись свої записи. Наш керівник любить ро-бити критичні зауваження та ставити хитромудрі запитання. 6. Давай завітаємо в цей паб та поспілкуємося за чашкою чаю. 7. Він дуже втомлений і йому важко зосередитися. 8. Роздягайся та негайно лягай спати. Exercise 8. Answer the following questions. 1. When do you usually get up on weekdays?/at weekends? 2. What's the first thing you do in the morning? 3. When do you have breakfast? 4. What kind of breakfast do you usually have? 5. Do you have tea or coffee for breakfast? 6. How do you get to the institute? 7. How long does it usually take you? 8. When do your classes start? 9. When do you have your lunch break? 10. How long does it last? 11. Where do you have lunch? 12. When is your working day over? 13. What do you like doing in the evenings? 14. When do you do your homework? 15. What time do you go to bed? 16. What do you like doing in your spare time? 17. What don't you like doing at all? 18. Do you like playing sport? If so, what kind of sport is it? 19. Do you like reading? If so, what kind of books do you like reading? 20. How often do you read newspapers or magazines? 21. Do you go out on Friday evenings? Where do you usually go out? 22. Do you like staying at home? What do you do then? 23. What do you do at weekends? 24. How often do you go to the cinema/to the theatre? 25. How often do you go to parties? Speaking Useful Words and Expressions
SOCIAL ENGLISH Directions What is the way to ...?
UNIT 5 THE BLIND DATE Focus on Use of English Grammar: the Present Continuous Tense Present Simple vs. Present Continuous to be going to Would like to do vs. like doing (a) Few / (a) Little Indefinite Pronouns and Adverbs Reflexive Pronouns Further Practice: Articles
Social English Days and Dates USE OF ENGLISH Grammar The Present Continuous Tense The Present Continuous is used: to talk about something which is in progress at the moment of speaking What are you doing at the moment? — I'm writing a letter. to talk about something which is in progress around the present, but not necessarily at the moment of speaking You are spending a lot of money these days. to talk about a definite arrangement in the near future What are you doing on Saturday evening? — I'm playing tennis with Ann. with always to express anger or irritation that something happens too often He's always saying stupid things. Verbs not normally used in the continuous a) verbs of thinking
I think you are right. (Not: I'm thinking ...) Do you know Billy Palmer? (Not: Are you knowing ...?) b) verbs of feeling
I like this music. (Not: I'm liking ...) Do you want to go now? (Not: Are you wanting ...?) c) sense verbs
This spaghetti tastes delicious. (Not: This spaghetti is tasting ...) d) other verbs
I weigh 70 kilos. (Not: I'm weighing ...) I m a manager. (Not: I'm being ...) Positive form a  m/are/is + -ing
Exercise 1. Complete the sentences. Use the verbs in brackets in the Present Continuous. 1. Look! A man _ in the lake. (swim) 2. Hurry up! The bus _. (come) 3. Greg's in the kitchen. He _ the dinner, (cook) 4. Look at Sue! What a beautiful dress she _ today! (wear) 5. Sue and Joe _ a cake for tea. (make) 6. "Be careful! You _ on the broken chair." (sit) 7. The weather is awful. It _. (rain) 8. You _ too fast. (walk) Negative form am not/are not/is not + -ing
Exercise 2. Complete the sentences with the negative form of the verbs in brackets. 1. My friend's parents _ a new car. (buy) 2. I __ for my keys. (look) 3. You _ very hard. (work) 4. My husband _ the dishes in the kitchen. (wash) 5. They_ tea. (drink) 6. My sister and her boyfriend _ a good time at the party, (have) 7. She _ him. (leave) Exercise 3. What's happening at the moment? Write true sentences, positive or negative. Example: I/have lunch. - I'm not having lunch at the moment. My classmates/do these exercises. - My classmates are doing these exercises. 1. It/snow heavily. 2. I/listen to the music. 3. I/look/at my watch. 4. The sun/shine. 5. We/take exercises. 6. My classmates/sit on the sofa. 7. My friends and me/study at the moment. 8. The person next to me/sleep. General questions
Exercise 4. Change these sentences into general questions Give short answers. Example: It is raining. - Is it raining? - Yes, it is. They aren't having lunch at the moment. - Are they having lunch at the moment? - No, they aren't. 1. The child is crying. 2. They aren't working in the garden. 3. We're driving too fast. 4. They aren't listening to the teacher. 5. The music is playing rather loud. 6. She isn't reading a detective story. 7. I'm not doing my homework. Exercise 5. Ask general questions and match them with the answers. Example: you/feel O.K.? Are you feeling O.K.? - Yes, I'm feeling fine.
Alternative questions.
Exercise 6. Ask alternative questions with the following words. Give answers. Example: he/study/have a rest? - Is he studying or having a rest? - He's having a rest. 1) she cook the dinner \make coffee? 2) he\ drive a car\ ride a motorbike? 3) you/eat out/have dinner at home tonight? 4) those children/play/fight? 5) he/get ready for his classes/do crosswords? 6) they/stay/leave? Special questions
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