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Unit 1 hello! Focus on Use of English Grammar
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Alternative questions Is there a newspaper or a magazine on the table? - A magazine. Are there good films on TV tonight or tomorrow? - Tonight. Exercise 11. Ask alternative questions with the following words. Give answers. Example: A film/a concert/at the club tonight. - Is there a film or a concert at the club tonight? - There's a concert at the club tonight. 1. Tea / coffee / in the pot? 2. Any interesting sights / in the city centre / on the outskirts? 3. Photos / posters / on the walls in her room? 4. Chairs / armchairs / in the sitting room? 5. A football match / a hockey match / on TV this weekend? 6. Books / on the shelves / on the table? 7. Any news / for Jack / Jill? Special questions
NOTE: You can't ask where is/are there...? There's always a lot of traffic in the centre. Where is always much traffic? - In the centre. Exercise 12. Complete the sentences. Example:How much money is there on you? - Only 10$. How many people are there at your party? - Twelve. What is there on the chair? - My clothes. 1. _______ dollars _______ in your wallet? - 25$. 2. __________ on the floor? - My shoe. 3. _______ furniture _______ in your flat? - Not much. 4. __________ in your pencil case? - Some colour pencils and a pen 5. _______ apple trees _______ in your garden? - Three or four. 6. _______ money _______ in his bank account? - Quite a lot, I think. Exercise 13. Ask general and “How much/many ...” questions. Give short negative answers. Example: books on the shelf? - Are there any books on the shelf? How many books are there on the shelf? - There aren't any.
Exercise 14. Ask questions about the information in italics. Example: There are some good hotels in London. - What kind of hotels are there in London? There are two armchairs in the room. - Where are the armchairs? 1. There are a lot of friendly people in Moscow. 2. There's a bottle of spring water in the fridge. 3. No, there aren't many high buildings in my home town. 4. There are a lot of beautiful parks in Moscow. 5. Yes, there are some very cheap restaurants in Sotho in London. 6. There are a lot of people in the street. Exercise 15. Put in there or it. !!! Remember:There's a train at 9.30. It's a fast train. (It = the 9.30 train) There's a lot of sugar in this cake. It's too sweet. (It = this cake) 1. - ___ (a) is a good programme on TV tonight. ___ (b) is about computers. - I'm not interested in computers. Is ___ (c) a long programme? - No, only half an hour. Why? - Because ___ (d) is another programme I want to watch at 10.30. 2. - Excuse me, is ___ (a) a bank near here? - Yes, ___ (b) is one on the corner of Broad Street. - Is ___ (c) open at lunchtime? - Yes, I think so. 3. - This is a new Chinese restaurant. - Is ___ (a) expensive? - I don't think so. Look, ___ (b) is an empty table. Let's go in. Tag questions There is a Book Fair in the Cultural Centre, isn't there? - Yes, there is. / No, there isn't. There aren't many problems with this new job, are there? - No, there aren't. / Yes, there are. Exercise 16. Give the correct tag to these sentences. 1. There's a restaurant in the park, __? 2. There're a lot of mistakes in his test, __? 3. There isn't much time left, __? 4. There's no milk in the fridge, __? 5. There isn't any tea in the pot, __? 6. There are 26 letters in the English alphabet, __? 7. There aren't many old buildings here, __? Articles
Exercise 17. Put in the or -. 1. How far is it from here to ___ airport? 2. Do you live near ___ city centre? 3. "Where's Fred?" - "He's in ___ kitchen". 4. The British Prime Minister lives in ___ Downing Street 10. 5. "Where's ___ Grand Hotel?" - "It's in ___ South Street." 6. Excuse me, can you tell me where ___ post office is? 7. Could you close ___ door, please! 8. ___ Science Museum is in London. Exercise 18. Put in a, the. 1. There is ___ desk in ___ room. 2. ___ desk is against ___ wall. 3. There's ___ word processor on ___ desk. 4. ___ word processor is next to ___ telephone. 5. ___ telephone is on ___ desk. 6. There is ___ photo on ___ wall behind ___ reading lamp. 7. There are two chairs beside ___ sofa. 8. There are three people on ___ sofa: ___ man and two women. Exercise 19. Put in a/an, the, a lot of, many, much, some, any. Mrs. Smith's kitchen is modern, nice and clean, with ___ (1) cupboards. There's ___ (2) washing machine, ___ (3) fridge and ___ (4) electric cooker but there isn't ___ (5) dishwasher. There are ___ (6) lovely pictures on ___ (7) walls of ___ (8) kitchen, but there aren't ___ ( 9) photos. There's ___ (10) radio near ___ (11) cooker on ___ (12) left. There is ___ (13) table in ___ (14) middle of ___ (15) room. On ___ (16) table there's ___ (17) vase with ___ (18) flowers in it. There are also ___ (19) apples and oranges on ___ (20) kitchen table. Oh! And there are ___ (21) cups and plates next to ___ (22) sink. Exercise 20. Read the text about Glasgow. Put in a, the, -, some, any, much, many, a lot of. Glasgow is certainly ___ (1) good place to study ___ (2) architecture. Everywhere there are ___ (3) wonderful buildings like the School of Art designed by ___ (4)Charles Rennie Mackintoch. There are ___ (5) museum sand art galleries. ___ (6) city is rather cosmopolitan. There are ___ (7) good Greek, Chinese and Italian restaurants, though there aren't ___ (8) Russian ones. It is not difficult to travel in ___ (9) city. There isn't ___ (10) traffic.___ (11) underground is very cheap, and even ___ (12) taxis are not expensive.___ (13) centre of ___ (14) city is well planned, with ___ (15) good shopping mall. There are ___ (16) eight theatres, as well as ___ (17)concert halls and cinemas, and if you are fond of live music, there are ___ (18) pubs and clubs where you can hear it. There is ___ (19) beautiful countryside not far away and you can play golf if you are interested. There are not ___ (20) bad points. But it's probably not ___ (21) very good place to improve your English because of ___ (22) local accent. Exercise 21. Complete each sentence. Write There're, They're or Their in the blank. 1. __ actresses. 2. __ names are Claudia and Jose. 3. __ a lot of theatres in the city. 4. __ some nice cafes on that street. 6. __ son is at school now. 7. __ a lot of books and magazines on the table. 8. __ nice and sociable people. Numbers Exercise 22. Read the numbers.
Possessive - ’S/S’
NOTE: for things: noun + of + noun: the roof of the building with Common Nouns (e.g. car, school, town, garden, kitchen, bedroom, sea, country, hotel) of is not necessary: the bathroom door Exercise 23. Complete the following sentences. Example: Have you got my __? (keys/car) - Have you got my car keys? His name is at the__(list/bottom). - His name is at the bottom of the list. 1. There's a chair at the___(garden/back) 2. The money is in my___(room/hotel) 3. They live at the___(hill/top) 4. There's an old tree at the___(house/side) 5. Where's the___(light/bathroom) 6. The___(air/sea) is very good for you. 7. There is a TV aerial on the___(house/roof). 8. Have you got the___(air conditioning/kitchen). Exercise 24. Write the sentences again using the words in brackets. Example: These are her books. (Anne) - These are Anne's books. 1. Where is his coat? (Andrew) 2. Is that his car? (your brother) 3. It's on her desk, (the teacher) 4. Its dinner is here. (the dog) 5. Her children are at school now. (Judy) 6. It's her idea. (my wife) 7. His new bike is really good. (Jeff) 8. Here's her telephone number. (the doctor) Exercise 25. Write the sentences with the apostrophe (‘) in the correct place. Example: These are Susans keys. - These are Susan's keys. 1. There is a teachers meeting on Mondays. 2. Are the childrens coats in the car? 3. The men’s clothes are upstairs. 4. Alices mother is very ill. 5. This is my mothers dress. 6. My parents flat is rather small. 7. Emma and Pauls car is outside. 8. Annes paintings are beautiful. Demonstrative Pronouns
This is a chair (= The chair is here) and that is an armchair (= The armchair is there). These are pictures (= The pictures are here) and those are posters (=The posters are there). NOTE: There are some phrases where this and that are usually used: That's all right/wrong. (on the phone) That's Sue. / This is John. Exercise 26. Put in this or these.
Exercise 27.Put in that or those.
Exercise 28. Rewrite the following sentences. Example: This is a book. - These are books. Those are wonderful buildings. - That is a wonderful building. 1. This car is in bad condition. 2. Those books are very boring. 3. I am interested in this person. 4. These shoes are black. 5. That shop is in North Street. 6. This room is not very big and bright. 7. Those people are famous scientists. Exercise 29. Complete the sentences with this is or that's. 1. - I'm sorry, I'm late. - ___ all right. 2. - You're my friend, aren't you? - Yes, ___ right. 3. - You are so lazy! - ___ not true. 4. - I'm sorry. I'm not a fast learner. - ___O.K. 5. (on the phone) - Hello, Pete. ___ Kate. - Hi, Kate. How are you? (The) other(s)/another
Exercise 30. Put in another/other/the other(s). 1. There are envelopes, sheets of paper, some textbooks, a dictionary and a lot of__ things on his desk. 2. There are five rooms in their new flat, two are on the ground floor and __ are upstairs. 3. Tom and Mary are here. Where are __? 4. There is a calendar on one of the walls of her kitchen and a cuckoo clock on __. 5. There are two bookshelves in the corner. One is full of books and __ is still empty. 6. These young people study at different British and American universities. Ruth and Korin are from Princeton, Nancy is from Harvard, John and two__ boys are from Cambridge 7. I'm thirsty. Can I have__ glass of juice, please? One(s)/the one(s)
Exercise 31. Complete the sentences. Use a/an ... one. Use the words in the box.
Example: This dictionary is too small. Can I have a big one? 1. Your car is very old. Buy __. 2. That's not a very good photo but this is __. 3. I don't like this shop. Let's go to __. 4. This glass is dirty. Give me __. 5. This TV set is too big. I want __. 6. The neighbourhood is too noisy. I want __. 7. The cafe is expensive. Let's go to __. Exercise 32. Complete the sentences with one, the one, ones or some or any. 1. Is there a bank near here? - Yes, there is _ _ at the end of the street. 2. I like these shoes more than the other ___. 3. Which of the women in the photograph is your aunt? - She's___ with the dark hair. 4. There are two films on TV this evening. Which _ would you like to see? 5. I think this book is interesting but those___ are rather boring. 6. There are no plates in this cupboard. Are there _ in that ___? 7. "I'm interested in those dictionaries. — "Which ___?" - "___on the top shelf." 8. "Are there___ postcards in that newsagent's?" - "I think there are". Reading VOCABULARY
Read the text below. Use your dictionary to help. My home town is Bristol. It's a small town in the south-west of England. I live in a two-storey house on the outskirts of Bristol, near the river Avon. In front of the house there's a garden which goes down to the river bank and in spring and summer there are flowers everywhere. There are three bedrooms upstairs. Two are quite big and one small and they have a fine view of the river. The bathroom is downstairs next to the kitchen and there's a living room with a lovely fireplace. But the room I like best is my study, as I call it. It's rather big, so there is enough space to move around. It's a very bright room because there's a large window looking out onto the street. There isn't much furniture in my room. There's a desk near the window, a sofa against the wall, a coffee table with an armchair behind it and a wardrobe on the left, beside the door. There are also a lot of shelves for my books and cassettes and a hi-fi. On the desk there is a computer, pens, pencils, some notebooks and a lot of other things I need for my work. There isn't a reading lamp, but there's a standard lamp I can use when it gets dark. There is a clock and a carpet on the wall above the sofa and on the opposite wall there are some posters of my favourite groups. Well, what else is there in my room? A stereo, a CD player, a guitar and guess what? - a swivel chair, the gem of the whole collection! I love my room for many reasons but the thing I appreciate most is the feeling of comfort and safety it gives me every time I'm there. My new home in Oxford is quite different. I live in a Hall of Residence, as it is called here. It has got all the necessary facilities. I'm lucky to have a single bedroom on the third floor. It's a small room, but light and cosy. To the left of the door there's a wardrobe with a mirror and on the right there is a bookshelf with some souvenirs from Bristol. My desk is on the left, near the wardrobe. On the desk there is a computer, a reading lamp, pens, pencils, envelopes and some paper. There are also a lot of photos of my family. Above the desk there are some pleasant drawings of Oxford and a photo of my house in Bristol. There aren't any pictures or photos on another wall, just a light and my guitar. There are two chairs in the room - one is at the desk and the other is between the wardrobe and the desk. My bed is on the right facing the desk. There's a small pretty carpet on the floor beside the bed. In the left-hand corner there is a stool and opposite it, at the head of my bed, there is a bedside table. There are a couple of things that make my room look homelike - a plant on the windowsill, bright curtains, beautiful wallpaper and ... my clothes scattered all over the room. It's certainly a nice room but not like the one back home! Exercise I. Are the following statements true or false? If false, say why. 1. Paul's house is situated on the river Avon. 2. There are a lot of flowers in Bristol in spring and summer. 3. The kitchen and the bathroom are downstairs. 4. There are three big bedrooms in Paul's two-storey house. 5. Paul's room has a lovely view of the river. 6. There isn't much furniture in his room. 7. The wardrobe in Paul's room is near the door. 8. Paul is fond of playing the guitar. 9. Paul is proud of his swivel chair. 10. He feels comfortable and safe in his room. 11. In Oxford Paul lives in a block of flats on the third floor. 12. There are a lot of bookshelves in Paul's room in Oxford. 13. Paul's bedroom isn't very big, but it's bright and comfortable. 14. On each wall of his room there are a lot of pictures, drawings and posters. 15. There's a nice carpet on the floor at the bed. 16. Paul's room in Oxford is like the one back home. Exercise II. Here are the answers to some questions about the text. Ask the questions. 1. ___? - Bristol. 2. ___? - It's small. 3. ___? - On the outskirts of Bristol. 4. ___? - Yes, there's a lovely garden. 5. ___? - Upstairs. 6. ___? - A bathroom, a kitchen and a living room. 7. ___? - It's big and bright. 8. ___? - Not much. 9. ___? - Near the window. 10 ___? - Against the wall. 11. ___? - Beside the door. 12. ___? - A computer, pens, pencils, some notebooks and other things. 13. ___? - His swivel chair. 14. ___? - On the third floor. 15. ___? - A lot of photos of his family. 16. ___? - Yes, there are some, above the desk. 17. ___? - No, there aren't any. There is only a guitar and a light on that wall. 18. ___? - On the floor beside the bed. 19. ___? - A bedside table. 20. ___? - It's a rather nice room. Exercise III. Find in the text English equivalents for these word combinations and sentences у двоповерховому будинку у передмісті; гарний вигляд на річку; у моїй кімнаті небагато меблів; багато речей, які мені потрібні для роботи; ну, що ще є у моїй кімнаті? і вгадайте що? відчуття комфорту і затишку; у ньому є усі необхідні прилади; приємні малюнки; пара речей, які роб-лять мою кімнату схожою на ту, домашню. Exercise IV. Quote the sentences in which the following words and word combinations are used in the text. To live; to go down; next to the kitchen; enough space; beside the door; and a hi-fi; on the opposite wall; the gem of my collection; the feeling of comfort and safety; as it is called here; just a light and my guitar; facing the desk; make my room homelike. Exercise V. Give a summary of the text. Exercise VI. Complete the sentences. Use active words and word combinations. 1. In front of the house … 2. But the room I like best … 3. It is a very bright room because … 4. On the desk there is … 5. Well, what else …? 6. My new home … 7. To the left of the door … 8. Above the desk … 9. My bed is … 10. In the left - hand corner … 11. There are a couple of things … ExerciseVII. Translate into English. 1. Я живу у двоповерховому будинку у передмісті Одеси. 2. Перед на-шим домом знаходиться великий сад. 3. На першому поверсі знахо-дяться три спальні кімнати. 4. Чи є у вашій квартирі кабінет? - Так, на другому поверсі. У ньому немає багато меблів, тільки письмовий стіл, стілець, крісло і книжкова шафа. 5. Де стоїть комп’ютер? - Біля полиці із книжками, ліворуч від дверей. 6. Що ще є у твоїй кімнаті? - Не вгадаєш! Там ще є стерео система, CD програвач і гітара. 7. Найкраще я ціню комфорт і затишок своєї оселі. 8. Його дім у Києві зовсім відрізняється від домашньої оселі. 9. Петро дійсно щасливий, що у нього є окрема кімната. 10. У ній є всі необхідні прилади. 11. У кімнаті є постери, ма-люнки чи фото батьків? - Є фото батьків і друзів, але немає постерів. Я не люблю багато речей на стінах. 12. А гардероб знаходиться напроти вікна чи праворуч від вікна? - Він біля вікна, між ним та великім дзерка-лом на стіні. 13. Чи є у кімнаті речі, які нагадують про рідну домівку? - Є дуже багато, але є пара речей, які створюють домашню атмосферу: кві-ти на підвіконні, яскраві штори та гітара на стіні. Speaking Useful Words and Expressions
Questions Exercise 1. Answer the following questions. 1. What's your city/hometown like? 2. Is it an interesting place? 3. What is it famous for? 4. Is it safe and quiet? 5. Do you live in a house or in a flat? 6. Where is it? Is it in the centre or on the outskirts? 7. How big is it? 8. What's the neighbourhood like? 9. Are there any good shops or restaurants nearby? 10. Do you like it there? Why? Give your reasons. Exercise 2. Describe 1) your room at home; 2) your flat in your home town; 3) your home town. SOCIAL ENGLISH Greetings (Good ) morning! - until lunch-time (12- 2 p.m.) (Good) afternoon! - until 5 - 6 p.m. (Good) evening! - until 10 - 11 p.m. Hello! Hi! (Am.E.)
NOTE: These replies are usually followed by "And how are you?". Don't say just "Thank you" or "Thanks" in this situation. Dialogues John: Hello, Jan. How are you? Janet: Fine, thanks, John. And you? John: Oh, pretty good, thanks. Mrs. Green: Good morning, Mr. South. How are you? Mr. South: Very well, thank you, Mrs. Green. And how are you? Mrs. Green: I'm very well, too, thank you. Exercise 1. Match a line in A with a line in B.
UNIT 3 YOUR NEAREST AND DEAREST Focus on Use of English Grammar: to have got Further Practice: Articles, Possessive Adjectives, Possessive Pronouns Adjectives: Comparative and Superlative forms (Not) as….as Object Pronouns Word Order: Adjectives Prepositions of Time
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